A wide and collimated radio jet in 3C84 on the scale of a few hundred gravitational radii

G. Giovannini; T. Savolainen; M. Orienti; M. Nakamura; H. Nagai; M. Kino; M. Giroletti; K. Hada; G. Bruni; Y. Y. Kovalev; J. M. Anderson; F. D'Ammando; J. Hodgson; M. Honma; T. P. Krichbaum; S. S. Lee; R. Lico; M. M. Lisakov; A. P. Lobanov; L. Petrov; B. W. Sohn; K. V. Sokolovsky; P. A. Voitsik; J. A. Zensus; S. Tingay

doi:10.1038/s41550-018-0431-2

A wide and collimated radio jet in 3C84 on the scale of a few hundred gravitational radii

G. Giovannini, T. Savolainen, M. Orienti, M. Nakamura, H. Nagai, M. Kino, M. Giroletti, K. Hada, G. Bruni, Y. Y. Kovalev, J. M. Anderson, F. D'Ammando, J. Hodgson, M. Honma, T. P. Krichbaum, S. S. Lee, R. Lico, M. M. Lisakov, A. P. Lobanov, L. PetrovB. W. Sohn, K. V. Sokolovsky, P. A. Voitsik, J. A. Zensus, S. Tingay

Department of Physics and Astronomy

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

117 Scopus citations

Abstract

Understanding the formation of relativistic jets in active galactic nuclei remains an elusive problem ¹ .This is partly because observational tests of jet formation models suffer from the limited angular resolution of ground-based very-long-baseline interferometry that has thus far been able to probe the structure of the jet acceleration and collimation region in only two sources ^2,3 . Here, we report observations of 3C84 (NGC 1275)-the central galaxy of the Perseus cluster-made with an interferometric array including the orbiting radio telescope of the RadioAstron ⁴ mission. The data transversely resolve the edge-brightened jet in 3C84 only 30 μas from the core, which is ten times closer to the central engine than was possible in previous ground-based observations ⁵ and allows us to measure the jet collimation profile from ~10² to ~10⁴ gravitational radii (r _g) from the black hole. The previously found ⁵, almost cylindrical jet profile on scales larger than a few thousand r _g is seen to continue at least down to a few hundred r _g from the black hole, and we find a broad jet with a transverse radius of â‰250 r _g at only 350 r _g from the core. This implies that either the bright outer jet layer goes through a very rapid lateral expansion on scales â‰10² r _g or it is launched from the accretion disk.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	472-477
Number of pages	6
Journal	Nature Astronomy
Volume	2
Issue number	6
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1038/s41550-018-0431-2
State	Published - 1 Jun 2018

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© 2018 The Author(s).

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Giovannini, G., Savolainen, T., Orienti, M., Nakamura, M., Nagai, H., Kino, M., Giroletti, M., Hada, K., Bruni, G., Kovalev, Y. Y., Anderson, J. M., D'Ammando, F., Hodgson, J., Honma, M., Krichbaum, T. P., Lee, S. S., Lico, R., Lisakov, M. M., Lobanov, A. P., ... Tingay, S. (2018). A wide and collimated radio jet in 3C84 on the scale of a few hundred gravitational radii. Nature Astronomy, 2(6), 472-477. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41550-018-0431-2

@article{7c757a7336de47bb87eb0d5cd91108fb,

title = "A wide and collimated radio jet in 3C84 on the scale of a few hundred gravitational radii",

abstract = "Understanding the formation of relativistic jets in active galactic nuclei remains an elusive problem 1 .This is partly because observational tests of jet formation models suffer from the limited angular resolution of ground-based very-long-baseline interferometry that has thus far been able to probe the structure of the jet acceleration and collimation region in only two sources 2,3 . Here, we report observations of 3C84 (NGC 1275)-the central galaxy of the Perseus cluster-made with an interferometric array including the orbiting radio telescope of the RadioAstron 4 mission. The data transversely resolve the edge-brightened jet in 3C84 only 30 μas from the core, which is ten times closer to the central engine than was possible in previous ground-based observations 5 and allows us to measure the jet collimation profile from ~102 to ~104 gravitational radii (r g) from the black hole. The previously found 5, almost cylindrical jet profile on scales larger than a few thousand r g is seen to continue at least down to a few hundred r g from the black hole, and we find a broad jet with a transverse radius of {\^a}‰250 r g at only 350 r g from the core. This implies that either the bright outer jet layer goes through a very rapid lateral expansion on scales {\^a}‰102 r g or it is launched from the accretion disk.",

author = "G. Giovannini and T. Savolainen and M. Orienti and M. Nakamura and H. Nagai and M. Kino and M. Giroletti and K. Hada and G. Bruni and Kovalev, {Y. Y.} and Anderson, {J. M.} and F. D'Ammando and J. Hodgson and M. Honma and Krichbaum, {T. P.} and Lee, {S. S.} and R. Lico and Lisakov, {M. M.} and Lobanov, {A. P.} and L. Petrov and Sohn, {B. W.} and Sokolovsky, {K. V.} and Voitsik, {P. A.} and Zensus, {J. A.} and S. Tingay",

note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2018 The Author(s).",

year = "2018",

month = jun,

day = "1",

doi = "10.1038/s41550-018-0431-2",

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Giovannini, G, Savolainen, T, Orienti, M, Nakamura, M, Nagai, H, Kino, M, Giroletti, M, Hada, K, Bruni, G, Kovalev, YY, Anderson, JM, D'Ammando, F, Hodgson, J, Honma, M, Krichbaum, TP, Lee, SS, Lico, R, Lisakov, MM, Lobanov, AP, Petrov, L, Sohn, BW, Sokolovsky, KV, Voitsik, PA, Zensus, JA & Tingay, S 2018, 'A wide and collimated radio jet in 3C84 on the scale of a few hundred gravitational radii', Nature Astronomy, vol. 2, no. 6, pp. 472-477. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41550-018-0431-2

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T1 - A wide and collimated radio jet in 3C84 on the scale of a few hundred gravitational radii

AU - Giovannini, G.

AU - Savolainen, T.

AU - Orienti, M.

AU - Nakamura, M.

AU - Nagai, H.

AU - Kino, M.

AU - Giroletti, M.

AU - Hada, K.

AU - Bruni, G.

AU - Kovalev, Y. Y.

AU - Anderson, J. M.

AU - D'Ammando, F.

AU - Hodgson, J.

AU - Honma, M.

AU - Krichbaum, T. P.

AU - Lee, S. S.

AU - Lico, R.

AU - Lisakov, M. M.

AU - Lobanov, A. P.

AU - Petrov, L.

AU - Sohn, B. W.

AU - Sokolovsky, K. V.

AU - Voitsik, P. A.

AU - Zensus, J. A.

AU - Tingay, S.

PY - 2018/6/1

Y1 - 2018/6/1

N2 - Understanding the formation of relativistic jets in active galactic nuclei remains an elusive problem 1 .This is partly because observational tests of jet formation models suffer from the limited angular resolution of ground-based very-long-baseline interferometry that has thus far been able to probe the structure of the jet acceleration and collimation region in only two sources 2,3 . Here, we report observations of 3C84 (NGC 1275)-the central galaxy of the Perseus cluster-made with an interferometric array including the orbiting radio telescope of the RadioAstron 4 mission. The data transversely resolve the edge-brightened jet in 3C84 only 30 μas from the core, which is ten times closer to the central engine than was possible in previous ground-based observations 5 and allows us to measure the jet collimation profile from ~102 to ~104 gravitational radii (r g) from the black hole. The previously found 5, almost cylindrical jet profile on scales larger than a few thousand r g is seen to continue at least down to a few hundred r g from the black hole, and we find a broad jet with a transverse radius of â‰250 r g at only 350 r g from the core. This implies that either the bright outer jet layer goes through a very rapid lateral expansion on scales â‰102 r g or it is launched from the accretion disk.

AB - Understanding the formation of relativistic jets in active galactic nuclei remains an elusive problem 1 .This is partly because observational tests of jet formation models suffer from the limited angular resolution of ground-based very-long-baseline interferometry that has thus far been able to probe the structure of the jet acceleration and collimation region in only two sources 2,3 . Here, we report observations of 3C84 (NGC 1275)-the central galaxy of the Perseus cluster-made with an interferometric array including the orbiting radio telescope of the RadioAstron 4 mission. The data transversely resolve the edge-brightened jet in 3C84 only 30 μas from the core, which is ten times closer to the central engine than was possible in previous ground-based observations 5 and allows us to measure the jet collimation profile from ~102 to ~104 gravitational radii (r g) from the black hole. The previously found 5, almost cylindrical jet profile on scales larger than a few thousand r g is seen to continue at least down to a few hundred r g from the black hole, and we find a broad jet with a transverse radius of â‰250 r g at only 350 r g from the core. This implies that either the bright outer jet layer goes through a very rapid lateral expansion on scales â‰102 r g or it is launched from the accretion disk.

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EP - 477

JO - Nature Astronomy

JF - Nature Astronomy

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ER -

A wide and collimated radio jet in 3C84 on the scale of a few hundred gravitational radii

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